Graduation day is a momentous occasion, marking the culmination of years of hard work and dedication. As graduates don their caps and gowns, they are not only symbolizing their academic achievements but also participating in a centuries-old tradition. The graduation gown, in particular, is an integral part of this tradition, and its design and material have evolved over time to reflect the values and aesthetics of different institutions and cultures. In this article, we will delve into the world of graduation gowns and explore the materials used to make them.
A Brief History of Graduation Gowns
The tradition of wearing academic regalia dates back to the 12th century, when universities in Europe began awarding degrees to students. The early gowns were simple, functional garments made from wool or linen, designed to keep students warm in cold, drafty lecture halls. Over time, the design and material of the gowns evolved to reflect the status and prestige of the institution. In the United States, the modern graduation gown as we know it today was formalized in the late 19th century, with the establishment of the Intercollegiate Bureau of Academic Costume.
The Intercollegiate Code
In 1895, the Intercollegiate Bureau of Academic Costume was formed to standardize the design and material of academic regalia. The Bureau established a code that specified the colors, fabrics, and styles of gowns for different degrees and institutions. According to the code, the material of the gown was to be determined by the degree being awarded. For example, bachelor’s degree gowns were to be made from cotton or rayon, while master’s degree gowns were to be made from silk or wool.
Modern Materials
Today, graduation gowns are made from a variety of materials, depending on the institution, the degree being awarded, and the desired level of formality. Some of the most common materials used to make graduation gowns include:
- Polyester: A popular choice for graduation gowns, polyester is a durable, easy-to-clean fabric that can be made to resemble more expensive materials like silk or wool.
- Cotton: A natural, breathable fabric, cotton is often used to make graduation gowns for undergraduate degrees.
Sustainable Materials
In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards sustainability in academic regalia. Some institutions are opting for gowns made from eco-friendly materials, such as recycled polyester or organic cotton. These materials not only reduce the environmental impact of the gowns but also provide a unique opportunity for graduates to make a statement about their values.
Recycled Polyester
Recycled polyester is a popular choice for sustainable graduation gowns. Made from post-consumer plastic waste, such as plastic bottles, recycled polyester reduces the amount of waste in landfills and conserves non-renewable resources. Additionally, recycled polyester has a lower carbon footprint than traditional polyester, making it a more environmentally friendly option.
Specialty Materials
While polyester and cotton are the most common materials used to make graduation gowns, some institutions opt for specialty materials to reflect their unique heritage or traditions. For example:
Velvet
Velvet is a luxurious fabric often used to make graduation gowns for doctoral degrees or other high-level academic achievements. Velvet gowns are typically made from a combination of cotton and polyester, with a soft, plush pile that gives them a distinctive texture and appearance.
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber often used to make high-end graduation gowns. Silk gowns are prized for their smooth, lustrous texture and their ability to drape elegantly on the body. However, silk is a more expensive material than polyester or cotton, making it less accessible to some institutions.
Customization and Embellishments
While the material of the gown is an important aspect of academic regalia, it is not the only consideration. Many institutions customize their gowns with unique colors, logos, or embellishments to reflect their brand and traditions. Some common customization options include:
Appliques
Appliques are decorative elements that are applied to the gown using heat or stitching. Common appliques include institutional logos, degree symbols, or other motifs that reflect the graduate’s field of study.
Embroidery
Embroidery is a popular way to add custom details to graduation gowns. Institutional names, logos, or mottos can be embroidered onto the gown using a variety of stitches and techniques.
Conclusion
The graduation gown is a time-honored tradition that symbolizes academic achievement and institutional pride. From the early days of wool and linen to the modern materials of today, the design and material of the gown have evolved to reflect the values and aesthetics of different institutions and cultures. Whether made from polyester, cotton, or specialty materials, the graduation gown remains an essential part of the academic regalia, a tangible representation of the graduate’s hard work and dedication.
What is the traditional material used for graduation gowns?
The traditional material used for graduation gowns is wool. This choice of material dates back to the early days of academic regalia in Europe, where wool was a readily available and durable fabric. The use of wool has been passed down through the centuries and is still widely used today for its classic look and feel.
Wool is also a practical choice for graduation gowns as it is breathable, allowing the wearer to stay cool during long ceremonies. Additionally, wool is a natural insulator, keeping the wearer warm in cooler environments. The traditional use of wool for graduation gowns has been adopted by many institutions around the world, making it a recognizable symbol of academic achievement.
What are the different types of fabrics used for graduation gowns?
In addition to traditional wool, modern graduation gowns are made from a variety of fabrics. Some common alternatives include polyester, cotton, and rayon. These fabrics are often chosen for their affordability, durability, and ease of care. Polyester, in particular, is a popular choice for graduation gowns as it is wrinkle-resistant and can be easily cleaned.
Other fabrics, such as silk and velvet, are sometimes used for more formal or specialized graduation ceremonies. These luxurious fabrics add an extra layer of elegance to the traditional graduation gown, making them suitable for high-end institutions or special occasions. The choice of fabric ultimately depends on the institution’s preferences, budget, and the desired look and feel of the graduation gowns.
What is the significance of the different colors used for graduation gowns?
The colors used for graduation gowns hold significant meaning and are often specific to the institution or field of study. For example, black is a traditional color for many institutions, symbolizing elegance and sophistication. Other colors, such as red, blue, and green, may be used to represent specific fields of study, such as arts, sciences, or medicine.
The use of different colors for graduation gowns also serves to distinguish between different levels of academic achievement. For instance, doctoral graduates may wear a different color or style of gown than bachelor’s or master’s graduates. The specific colors and styles used by an institution are often outlined in their academic regalia policy, ensuring consistency and tradition.
How are graduation gowns designed and manufactured?
Graduation gowns are designed and manufactured by specialized companies that cater to the academic regalia market. These companies work closely with institutions to create custom designs that meet their specific needs and traditions. The design process typically involves selecting fabrics, choosing colors, and deciding on the style and cut of the gown.
Once the design is finalized, the gowns are manufactured using a combination of traditional craftsmanship and modern technology. The manufacturing process involves cutting and sewing the fabric, adding any necessary trim or embroidery, and inspecting the finished product for quality and accuracy. Many manufacturers also offer customization options, such as embroidery or printing, to add an extra layer of personalization to the graduation gowns.
Can graduation gowns be rented or purchased?
Both options are available, depending on the institution and the individual’s preferences. Many institutions offer rental options for graduation gowns, which can be a cost-effective and convenient choice for students. Rental gowns are typically provided by the institution or a third-party vendor and are returned after the ceremony.
Purchasing a graduation gown is also an option, allowing students to keep their gown as a memento of their academic achievement. Some institutions may offer discounts for students who purchase their gowns, or students may be able to buy their gown from a third-party vendor. Ultimately, the decision to rent or purchase a graduation gown depends on the individual’s budget and preferences.
How do graduation gowns vary between institutions and countries?
Graduation gowns can vary significantly between institutions and countries, reflecting local traditions and customs. In the United States, for example, graduation gowns are often designed according to the guidelines set by the American Council on Education. In the UK, graduation gowns are typically designed according to the institution’s specific traditions and may feature unique colors, styles, or trim.
In some countries, such as Japan, graduation gowns are not traditionally worn, and instead, students wear formal kimono or business attire. In other countries, such as Australia, graduation gowns are worn, but the styles and colors may differ from those used in the US or UK. The variations in graduation gowns between institutions and countries reflect the diversity of academic traditions and customs around the world.
What is the future of graduation gowns?
The future of graduation gowns is likely to be shaped by technological advancements, sustainability concerns, and changing academic traditions. Some manufacturers are already exploring the use of eco-friendly materials and production methods to reduce the environmental impact of graduation gowns.
In addition, the rise of online and distance learning may lead to new designs and styles of graduation gowns that cater to these non-traditional students. The increasing diversity of academic institutions and student populations may also lead to more varied and inclusive designs for graduation gowns. As academic traditions continue to evolve, it is likely that graduation gowns will adapt to reflect these changes.